15903-94-3Relevant articles and documents
Total Synthesis of Bruceolline i
Scarpi, Dina,Faggi, Cristina,Occhiato, Ernesto G.
, p. 2384 - 2388 (2017)
The first total synthesis of the natural product bruceolline I, isolated in small quantities from the ethanol extract of Brucea mollis stems, was achieved in 29% yield over nine steps and with high enantiomeric purity (>98%). The key step of the process i
Development of large-scale preparations of indole derivatives: Evaluation of potential thermal hazards and studies of reaction kinetics and mechanisms
Akao, Atsushi,Nonoyama, Nobuaki,Mase, Toshiaki,Yasuda, Nobuyoshi
, p. 1178 - 1183 (2006)
Hydrogenation of (E)-2-nitropyrrolidinostyrene in the presence of the doped rhodium catalyst is safe, scalable, and highly effective for the preparation of 6-benzyloxyindole. Reaction kinetics with/without additives also were examined using in situ IR for
Indolyl Azaspiroketal Mannich Bases Are Potent Antimycobacterial Agents with Selective Membrane Permeabilizing Effects and in Vivo Activity
Nyantakyi, Samuel Agyei,Li, Ming,Gopal, Pooja,Zimmerman, Matthew,Dartois, Véronique,Gengenbacher, Martin,Dick, Thomas,Go, Mei-Lin
supporting information, p. 5733 - 5750 (2018/06/20)
The inclusion of an azaspiroketal Mannich base in the membrane targeting antitubercular 6-methoxy-1-n-octyl-1H-indole scaffold resulted in analogs with improved selectivity and submicromolar activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. The potency enhancing properties of the spiro-fused ring motif was affirmed by SAR and validated in a mouse model of tuberculosis. As expected for membrane inserting agents, the indolyl azaspiroketal Mannich bases perturbed phospholipid vesicles, permeabilized bacterial cells, and induced the mycobacterial cell envelope stress reporter promoter piniBAC. Surprisingly, their membrane disruptive effects did not appear to be associated with bacterial membrane depolarization. This profile was not uniquely associated with azaspiroketal Mannich bases but was characteristic of indolyl Mannich bases as a class. Whereas resistant mycobacteria could not be isolated for a less potent indolyl Mannich base, the more potent azaspiroketal analog displayed low spontaneous resistance mutation frequency of 10-8/CFU. This may indicate involvement of an additional envelope-related target in its mechanism of action.
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a series of alkoxy-3-indolylacetic acids as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ/δ agonists We dedicate this article to Professor Young-Ger Suh on the occasion of his retirement.
Gim, Hyo Jin,Li, Hua,Jeong, Ji Hye,Lee, Su Jeong,Sung, Mi-Kyung,Song, Mi-Young,Park, Byung-Hyun,Oh, Soo Jin,Ryu, Jae-Ha,Jeon, Raok
supporting information, p. 3322 - 3336 (2015/08/03)
Abstract A series of alkoxy-3-indolylacetic acid analogs has been discovered as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists. Structure-activity relationship study indicated that PPARα/γ/δ activities were dependent on the nature of the hydrophobic group, the attachment position of the alkoxy linker to the indole ring, and N-alkylation of indole nitrogen. Some compounds presented significant PPARγ/δ activity and molecular modeling suggested their putative binding modes in the ligand binding domain of PPARγ. Of these, compound 51 was selected for in vivo study via an evaluation of microsomal stability in mouse and human liver. Compound 51 lowered the levels of fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HbA1c without gain in body weight in db/db mice. When compound 51 was treated, hepatic triglycerides level and the size of adipocytes in white adipose tissue of db/db mice were also reduced as opposed to treatment with rosiglitazone. Taken together, compound 51 shows high potential warranting further studies in models for diabetes and related metabolic disorders and may be in use as a chemical tool for the understanding of PPAR biology.
Structure-based de novo design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of the indole-based PPARγ ligands (I)
Dong, Xiaochun,Zhang, Zhenshan,Wen, Ren,Shen, Jianhua,Shen, Xu,Jiang, Hualiang
, p. 5913 - 5916 (2007/10/03)
MCSS and LeapFrog, two de novo drug design programs, were used for the novel indole-based PPARγ ligands' study. The designed compounds were synthesized and tested for the PPARγ protein binding activities in vitro. Out of the compounds that were synthesize
Highly chemoselective reduction using a Rh/C-Fe(OAc)2 system: Practical synthesis of functionalized indoles
Akao, Atsushi,Sato, Kimihiko,Nonoyama, Nobuaki,Mase, Toshiaki,Yasuda, Nobuyoshi
, p. 969 - 972 (2007/10/03)
Here, we report a highly effective and chemoselective method of preparing substituted indoles from (E)-2-nitropyrrolidinostyrenes via hydrogenation in the presence of a rhodium catalyst doped by additives such as Ni(NO 3)2·6H2O, Fe(OAc)2 or Co(acac)3. These hydrogenation conditions may also be applied to other substrates. Aromatic nitro compounds and olefins can be selectively reduced in the presence of aromatic benzyl ethers, aromatic halides and aromatic aldehydes.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING INDOLOPYRROLOCARBAZOLE DERIVATIVE
-
Page/Page column 39-40, (2010/02/11)
The present invention provides a process for industrially advantageously producing a compound represented by the formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is useful as an anticancer agent, and also provides a catalyst used for hydrogenation reaction in the process.
Practical synthesis of indolopyrrolocarbazoles
Ohkubo, Mitsuru,Nishimura, Teruyuki,Jona, Hideki,Honma, Teruki,Morishima, Hajime
, p. 8099 - 8112 (2007/10/03)
A practical method for the synthesis of an indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4- c]carbazole ring system is described. The method involves two key processes: a coupling reaction between indole and substituted methylmaleimide portions using lithium hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS) as a base, and the oxidative cyclization of bisindolylmaleimide with palladium (II) chloride. We applied this method to the synthesis of arcyriaflavin B (5), C (6) and D (7).
1,3,6-Trisubstituted indoles as peptidoleukotriene antagonists: Benefits of a second, polar, pyrrole substituent
Brown,Cronk,Aharony,Snyder
, p. 2419 - 2439 (2007/10/02)
1,6-Substituted and 3,5-substituted indoles and indazoles containing acylamino and N-arylsulfonyl amide appendages are potent antagonists of the peptidoleukotrienes LTD4 and LTE4. A compound from the 3,5-substituted indole series, N-[4-[[5-[[(cyclopentyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-1-methylindol-3- yl]methyl]-3-methoxybenzoyl]-2-methyl-benzenesulfonamide (ICI 204,219), is undergoing clinical evaluation for asthma. Two new elements of structural diversity were introduced to this series of antagonists. An investigation of pyrrole substituents in the 1,6-substituted indoles demonstrated that substitution at C-2 was detrimental to biological activity, but the incorporation of hydrophilic groups at C-3 was beneficial. The introduction of a propionamide moiety at C-3 enhanced activity by 1 order of magnitude; N- [4-[[6-(cyclopentylacetamido)-3-[2-(N-methylcarbamoyl)ethyl]indol-1- yl]methyl]-3-methoxybenzoyl]benzenesulfonamide (15c) has a pK(B) of 10.7 at the LTD4 receptor on guinea pig trachea. Modifications of the acylamino portion of the disubstituted antagonists demonstrated that a transposition of the amide CO and NH atoms was viable. N-Cyclopentylmethyl amides in both the 1,6- and 3,5-disubstituted indole series were 1 order of magnitude less potent than the corresponding cyclopentylacetamides. In both series this potency loss could be regained by the incorporation of a propionamide substituent at either C-3 or N-1, respectively. For example, N-[4-[[6-[N- (cyclopentylmethyl)carbamoyl]-3-[2-(pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl)ethyl]indol-1- yl]methyl]-3-methoxybenzoyl]-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide (39c) has a pK(B) of 9.5.
Simple Synthesis of Indoles and of Corresponding 3(2H)-Indolone Derivatives, Monosubstituted at the Benzene Ring, as Synthetic Precursors of Natural Compounds
Nimtz, Manfred,Haefelinger, Guenter
, p. 765 - 770 (2007/10/02)
Application of a specific BCl3-catalyzed ortho-chloroacetylation of the monosubstituted primary anilines 2a-e with chloroacetonitrile, as a variant of the Houben-Hoesch reaction, leads to the corresponding 2-amino-α-chloroacetophenones 3a-g.These may be reduced and cyclized to yield the indoles 4a-g or, after acylation to 5a-g and 7a, b converted by base-catalyzed dehydrochlorination into the 1-acyl-3(2H)-indolones 6a-g and 8a, b.
